Using Passives
ساختار اصلی جمله مجهول:
Object + be (در زمان مناسب) + past participle (قسمت سوم فعل)
ماشین دیروز تعمیر شد.
دیشب به دفتر من دستبرد زده شد.
An order form can be found on page 2.
یک فرم سفارش در صفحه دوم پیدا میشه.
She is being treated in hospital.
او در بیمارستان تحت درمان است.
زبالههای هستهای باید با دقت دور ریخته بشن.
It can be stored in stainless-steel containers.
میتونه در ظرفهای استیل ذخیره بشه.
The waste is sealed in concrete.
زباله در بتن مهر و موم میشه.
They're installing the new system next month.
دارن ماه دیگه سیستم جدید رو نصب میکنن.
رسمیتر:
The new system is being installed next month.
سیستم جدید داره نصب میشه.
تصمیم Dev منو شگفتزده کرد.
بهتر:
I was surprised by Dev's decision. ✅
من از تصمیم Dev شگفتزده شدم.
نصب سیستم جدید تا ماه آینده تکمیل خواهد شد.
The engineers will complete the installation of the new system. ❌
(خیلی رسمی و خشک به نظر میرسه.)
همه باور داشتن که اون میبره.
رسمیتر:
It was believed that she would win. ✅
باور میشد که او میبره.
| استفاده از مجهول | مثال | ترجمه |
|---|---|---|
| وقتی فاعل مشخص نیست | My car was stolen. | ماشینم دزدیده شد. |
| متون علمی و رسمی | Waste must be disposed of. | زباله باید دور ریخته بشه. |
| فاعل مبهم یا عمومی | The system is being installed. | سیستم داره نصب میشه. |
| تأکید بر نتیجه یا تجربه | I was surprised. | من شگفتزده شدم. |
| شروع با اسم بهجای فعل | The installation will be finished. | نصب کامل خواهد شد. |
| ساختار it + passive | It is believed that... | باور میشه که... |
🌟 English Story: The Secret Project
The details were kept secret for months.
It was believed that the system could change the world.
Eventually, the system was introduced to the public.
The reaction from people was recorded carefully.
It was shown that most people supported the project.
Later, it was announced that more projects would be started.
🌟 ترجمه فارسی داستان: پروژهی مخفی
جزئیات برای ماهها مخفی نگه داشته شدند.
باور میشد که این سیستم میتونه دنیا رو تغییر بده.
در نهایت، سیستم به مردم معرفی شد.
واکنش مردم با دقت ضبط شد.
نشان داده شد که بیشتر مردم از پروژه حمایت میکنن.
بعدها اعلام شد که پروژههای بیشتری آغاز خواهند شد.
حالا وقتشه با درسی که الان یاد گرفتیم بریم چند تا تست بزنیم که مهارت خودمون رو در این درس بسنجیم.
1. My phone was stolen yesterday.
Why is passive used here?
2. An order form can be found on page 3.
This is an example of:
3. The virus was created in a lab.
Why is “by someone” left out?
4. The decision was made yesterday.
5. "She is being treated in hospital."
What does this sentence show?
6. The new law will be announced tomorrow.
What kind of sentence is this?
7. "It is believed that she will win."
What structure is used here?
8. The report was submitted by John.
Why is “by John” used here?
9. The homework __ by many students.
10. The books were placed on the table.
What is the passive verb here?
11. An email will be sent soon.
Which part shows the passive structure?
12. In formal writing, we use passive to:
13. Which sentence is more formal?
14. “The waste must be disposed of carefully.”
Which word is the agent?
15. “That plan would fail was believed by all.”
Choose a better sentence.
16. Which is passive with a noun as subject?
17. People believe that she is honest. → Passive?
18. “The meeting was held last Friday.”
Why passive here?
19. We often use passive when:
20. Which sentence is incorrect?