The Future Seen from the Past
(آیندهای که از گذشته بهش نگاه میشه)
ما معمولاً وقتی از آینده حرف میزنیم، از زمان حال استفاده میکنیم:
I will call you tomorrow. (من فردا بهت زنگ میزنم.)
اما بعضی وقتها میخوایم بگیم: «در گذشته، من فکر میکردم قراره این کارو در آینده انجام بدم.»
توی این حالت، داریم دربارهی آینده حرف میزنیم… اما از نگاه گذشته! 🤯
| ساختار حال برای آینده | آینده از دید گذشته |
|---|---|
| will | would |
| going to | was/were going to |
| is/am/are + -ing | was/were + -ing |
| is/am/are to | was/were to |
| is/am/are about to | was/were about to |
| will have + p.p. | would have + p.p. |
I thought she would come. (فکر میکردم میاد.)
He promised he would call me. (قول داد زنگ بزنه.)
I was going to clean my room, but I got busy. (قرار بود اتاقمو تمیز کنم، ولی گرفتار شدم.)
She was going to apply for that job. (میخواست برای اون شغل درخواست بده.)
I was meeting my teacher that afternoon. (قرار بود اون بعدازظهر با معلمم جلسه داشته باشم.)
They were having dinner with us the next day. (قرار بود فرداش با ما شام بخورن.)
The president was to visit the area the next day. (رئیسجمهور قرار بود فرداش اون منطقه رو بازدید کنه.)
I was to start my new job on Monday. (قرار بود دوشنبه کار جدیدم رو شروع کنم.)
I was about to leave when she arrived. (داشتم میرفتم که اون رسید.)
The bell was about to ring when the teacher came in. (زنگ داشت به صدا درمیومد که معلم اومد تو.)
I thought I would have finished the work by 6. (فکر میکردم تا ساعت ۶ کارو تموم میکنم.)
I was supposed to help, but I was sick. (قرار بود کمک کنم، ولی مریض بودم.)
He was supposed to arrive at 10. (قرار بود ساعت ۱۰ برسه.)
- I thought he was going to win, but he didn’t.
- She said she would call, but she forgot.
- We were planning to visit you.
- The plane was to take off at 5.
- They were about to leave, when it started to rain.
✨ English Story: The Unexpected Call
Last Monday, I was sitting in my room when I remembered something important:
I was supposed to call my friend Olivia to confirm our weekend trip.
I thought she would be waiting for my message.
I was going to call her around 6 p.m., but then my internet went out.
By the time I fixed it, it was already 8.
I was about to pick up my phone when suddenly, it rang — it was Olivia!
She laughed and said, “I thought you would forget! But I know you too well.”
We talked for a while and made our final plans.
Our train was to leave on Saturday morning, and we both were excited.
But then, Friday night, she called again: “Bad news! I won’t be able to go tomorrow.”
Plans change — but memories last.
✨ ترجمه فارسی داستان: تماس غیرمنتظره
دوشنبهی قبل، توی اتاقم نشسته بودم که یاد یه چیز مهم افتادم:
قرار بود به دوستم الیویا زنگ بزنم تا برنامهی سفر آخر هفتهمون رو هماهنگ کنیم.
فکر میکردم که اون منتظر پیام من باشه.
قرار بود حدود ساعت ۶ بهش زنگ بزنم، ولی اینترنت خونه قطع شد.
وقتی درستش کردم، ساعت شده بود ۸.
همین که داشتم گوشی رو برمیداشتم، یهو زنگ خورد — خودش بود!
خندید و گفت: «فکر کردم یادت میره! ولی من تو رو خوب میشناسم.»
با هم صحبت کردیم و برنامههامون رو نهایی کردیم.
قطارمون قرار بود صبح شنبه حرکت کنه، و هر دومون هیجانزده بودیم.
ولی جمعه شب دوباره تماس گرفت و گفت: «خبر بد! فردا نمیتونم بیام.»
برنامهها عوض میشن — ولی خاطرهها موندگارن.
حالا وقتشه با درسی که الان یاد گرفتیم بریم چند تا تست بزنیم که مهارت خودمون رو در این درس بسنجیم.
1. I thought he ______ the meeting on time.
2. She said she ______ me later that evening.
3. We ______ to leave at 7, but the bus was late.
4. I couldn’t come because I ______ my tutor.
5. He said the president ______ a speech the next day.
6. She ______ cry when I saw her.
7. I knew I ______ you later, so I waited.
8. We ______ go to the park, but it started raining.
9. He ______ to help me, but he forgot.
10. It was announced that there ______ a concert on Saturday.
11. She said she ______ abroad in July.
12. I ______ to fix my bike, but I lost the tools.
13. The bell ______ ring when the teacher came in.
14. We thought the bus ______ at 8.
15. She ______ meet us at the station, but she got lost.
16. They told me they ______ dinner with friends that night.
17. He ______ to clean the kitchen but he didn’t.
18. I was sure they ______ win the game.