Reporting Statements: That-Clauses


✅ ۱. اصلاً that-clause چیه؟

خیلی ساده بگم:
هر وقت بخوای بگی یه نفر چیزی رو گفت / فکر کرد / اعلام کرد، می‌تونی از یه جمله که با that شروع می‌شه استفاده کنی.

✳️ ساختار کلی:

فاعل + reporting verb + (that) + جمله‌ای که گفته شده

مثلاً:

  • She said that she was tired. ➝ او گفت که خسته بود.
  • I thought that it was a good idea. ➝ من فکر کردم که این ایده خوبی بود.

🔍 ۲. آیا همیشه باید "that" بنویسیم؟

نه! 😄 خیلی وقت‌ها می‌تونی "that" رو حذف کنی، مخصوصاً توی مکالمه‌های روزمره.

مثال:

  • He said (that) he was ready. ✅
  • I believe (that) she knows. ✅

فقط یادت باشه حذفش توی نوشتار رسمی زیاد توصیه نمی‌شه.


🔵 ۳. چه فعل‌هایی با that-clause میان؟

🔹 فعل‌هایی مثل:

say | think | believe | know | understand | explain | realize | decide | remember | suggest | promise | hope | agree

مثال‌ها + ترجمه:

  • I know that she loves dogs. ➝ می‌دونم که او سگ‌ها را دوست دارد.
  • They explained that the meeting was canceled. ➝ آن‌ها توضیح دادند که جلسه لغو شده بود.
  • We agreed that it was a mistake. ➝ ما موافقت کردیم که این یک اشتباه بود.

🔴 ۴. فعل‌هایی که باید بعدشون مفعول + that-clause بیاد

برخی فعل‌ها نمی‌تونن مستقیم برن سراغ that-clause. باید بینشون یه مفعول (اسم یا ضمیر) بیاد.

🔹 مثال:

inform | tell | persuade | convince | assure | remind

✅ درست:

  • I told him that I was tired.
  • She informed the teacher that she had finished.

❌ اشتباه:

  • I told that I was tired. ❌ (غلطه چون "tell" نیاز به مفعول داره)

🔸 ۵. فعل‌هایی که مفعول اختیاری دارن

promise | warn | advise | show | teach

مثال:

  • They promised (me) that they would come. ➝ آن‌ها قول دادند (به من) که خواهند آمد.

🟣 ۶. فعل‌هایی که با to / with + that-clause میان

بعضی از فعل‌ها اگه بخوای یه مفعول بهشون اضافه کنی، باید قبلش از یه حرف اضافه استفاده کنی.

announce to | confess to | explain to | point out to | agree with | argue with

مثال‌ها:

  • He admitted to me that he was wrong. ➝ او به من اعتراف کرد که اشتباه کرده.
  • We agreed with John that it was a bad idea. ➝ ما با جان موافق بودیم که ایده‌ی بدی بود.

⚠️ ۷. افعالی مثل: ask / demand / require

اینا یه کم خاص‌ترن.

وقتی می‌خوای از اینا با that-clause استفاده کنی، معمولاً ساختار رسمی و شبیه دستور استفاده می‌شه:

The teacher asked that the students be quiet.
The boss demanded that everyone arrive on time.

🔻 معمولاً در این ساختار، فعل بعد از that به صورت مصدر ساده بدون to میاد (حتی برای he/she).


✨ نکات تکمیلی که خیلیا اشتباه می‌گیرن:

  • ✅ بعضی افعال مثل feel, think, believe می‌تونن هم بدون that بیان، هم باهاش، بسته به رسمی بودن جمله.
  • ✅ اگه that-clause زیاد طولانی بشه، گاهی اوقات مفعول رو اول جمله میارن، especially in writing.

📘 داستان آموزشی با that-clauses

🟦 English Story: The Confession

Yesterday, Anna told her friend that she had a secret.
She explained that she had cheated on the math test last week.
Her friend said that she should tell the teacher.
Anna wasn’t sure at first, but finally she agreed that it was the right thing to do.
Later, she went to Mr. Thomas and informed him that she had copied answers.
Mr. Thomas said that he appreciated her honesty and promised that there would be a fair solution.
Anna felt that a big weight had been lifted from her shoulders.


🟥 ترجمه فارسی داستان: اعتراف

دیروز، آنا به دوستش گفت که یک راز دارد.
او توضیح داد که هفته گذشته در امتحان ریاضی تقلب کرده بود.
دوستش گفت که باید به معلمش بگوید.
آنا اول مطمئن نبود، اما در نهایت قبول کرد که این کار درستی‌ست.
بعدتر، پیش آقای توماس رفت و به او اطلاع داد که پاسخ‌ها را تقلب کرده است.
آقای توماس گفت که از صداقتش قدردانی می‌کند و قول داد که راه‌حلی عادلانه خواهد بود.
آنا احساس کرد که باری بزرگ از دوشش برداشته شده است.


حالا وقتشه با درسی که الان یاد گرفتیم بریم چند تا تست بزنیم که مهارت خودمون رو در این درس بسنجیم.

Quiz: Reporting Statements: That-Clauses

۲۰ سؤال Reporting Statements: That-Clauses

1. He said ______ he was tired.

2. I thought ______ she liked me.

3. She explained ______ the meeting was canceled.

4. We agreed ______ it was a good idea.

5. I told him ______ I needed help.

6. They said ______ they would arrive late.

7. She informed the teacher ______ she was sick.

8. He promised ______ he would come on time.

9. The manager assured us ______ everything was okay.

10. I notified the bank ______ I had moved.

11. She confessed ______ she had lied.

12. We argued ______ the idea wouldn’t work.

13. He reminded me ______ I had a meeting.

14. She believed ______ the team would win.

15. He convinced me ______ I was wrong.

16. I pointed out ______ the car was blocking the entrance.

17. They admitted ______ they had made a mistake.

18. She asked the club ______ members pay on time.

19. I demanded ______ he stop shouting.

20. He acknowledged ______ the problem was serious.