could (do) and could have (done)

🟦 بخش “Could” به عنوان گذشته‌ی “Can” و برای پیشنهاد

گاهی اوقات “could” شکل گذشته‌ی “can” هست:

  • I can hear something. (الان می‌شنوم)
  • I could hear something. (گذشته)

ولی “could” همیشه برای گذشته نیست! گاهی برای پیشنهاد و احتمالات هم هست.

  • We could go to the cinema. (می‌تونیم بریم سینما)
  • You could stay with Sarah. (میتونی پیش سارا بمونی)
  • Yes, I suppose I could. (فکر کنم بتونم)
🟦 بخش “Could” برای موقعیت‌های غیرواقعی
  • I’m so tired, I could sleep for a week. (خیلی خسته‌ام!)
  • I could stay here forever. (می‌تونستم همیشه این‌جا بمونم)
🟦 بخش “Could” برای احتمال
  • The story could be true. (ممکنه واقعی باشه)
  • She could get here any time. (ممکنه هر لحظه برسه)
  • The weather could change. (ممکنه هوا تغییر کنه)
🟩 بخش “Could have” برای گذشته
  • I could have slept for a week. (می‌تونستم یه هفته بخوابم)
  • It could have been worse. (می‌تونست بدتر باشه)
  • You could have stayed with me. (می‌تونستی پیش من بمونی)
🟧 بخش “Couldn't” برای ناتوانی
  • I couldn’t live in a big city. (نمی‌تونم تو شهر بزرگ زندگی کنم)
  • Things couldn’t be better. (عالیه!)
  • It couldn’t have been better. (از این بهتر نمی‌شد)
  • I couldn’t run yesterday. (نمی‌تونستم بدوم)

حالا وقتشه با درسی که الان یاد گرفتیم بریم چند تا تست بزنیم که مهارت خودمون رو در این درس بسنجیم.

1. I ___ hear something outside last night.

2. She ___ go to the cinema, but she’s not sure yet.

3. You ___ have told me! I would have helped.

4. Why did you stay at a hotel? You ___ with us.

5. I’m so tired, I ___ for a week.

6. I ___ finish the work, but it was hard.

7. They ___ hurt themselves if they had fallen.

8. I ___ find my keys anywhere!

9. It’s a nice place. I ___ stay here forever.

10. I ___ smell gas when I entered the room.

11. He tried hard and ___ lift the box.

12. You ___ have told me about the problem.

13. He ___ help me, but he refused.

14. I ___ believe how fast he ran!

15. She ___ have been hurt in the accident.

16. They ___ done it better!

17. I ___ run yesterday because of my injury.

18. The door was stuck, and she ___ open it.

19. They ___ see the mountain from the top.

20. She ___ done more to help, but she didn’t.