✨ مثال Active:
Ali gave me a book.
علی یه کتاب به من داد.

✅ Passive نوع 1:
I was given a book (by Ali).
به من یه کتاب داده شد.

✅ Passive نوع 2:
A book was given to me (by Ali).
یه کتاب به من داده شد.

📌 وقتی فاعل مشخص نباشه، می‌تونی بخش "by Ali" رو حذف کنی.

✨ مثال Active:
He explained the rules to us.
او قوانین را برای ما توضیح داد.

✅ Passive:
The rules were explained to us.
قوانین برای ما توضیح داده شد.

❌ The rules were explained us. (غلط ❗ چون "to" لازمه)

✨ مثال Active:
They elected her president.
اونا او را رئیس انتخاب کردند.

✅ Passive:
She was elected president.
او به عنوان رئیس انتخاب شد.

(توجه کن که complement حذف نمی‌شه)

✨ مثال Active:
They made him return the money.
اونا مجبورش کردن پول رو برگردونه.

✅ Passive:
He was made to return the money.
او مجبور شد پول را برگردونه.

✨ مثال درست:
She looked after the baby.
او از بچه مراقبت کرد.

✅ Passive:
The baby was looked after.
از بچه مراقبت شد.

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✨ مثال اشتباه (غیرقابل مجهول شدن):
We came up against a problem.
ما با یک مشکل مواجه شدیم.

❌ Passive نداریم برای این ساختار. نمی‌گیم:
× A problem was come up against.

They put out the fire.
✅ The fire was put out. (آتش خاموش شد.)

I put out a hand to help.
❌ A hand was put out... (نمی‌گیم)

1. Active: She sent me a letter.
   ✅ Passive 1: I was sent a letter.
   ✅ Passive 2: A letter was sent to me.


2. Active: He told us the truth.
   ✅ Passive 1: We were told the truth.
   ✅ Passive 2: The truth was told to us.


3. Active: They called him a hero.
   ✅ Passive: He was called a hero.

Yesterday, a mysterious letter was delivered to our office.
Nobody knew who had written it, but it was addressed to the manager.
When she opened it, she was given a mission.
The mission was explained in detail.

She was asked to travel abroad and complete a secret task.
A driver was sent to pick her up.
Before she left, she was called into a meeting.
There, she was named the leader of the operation.

The rest of us were told to keep working.
No details were shared with us.

Later, we found out that the mission was carried out successfully.

دیروز، یک نامه‌ی مرموز به دفتر ما تحویل داده شد.
هیچ‌کس نمی‌دونست چه کسی اون رو نوشته بود، ولی نامه به مدیر خطاب شده بود.

وقتی مدیر نامه رو باز کرد، یه مأموریت بهش داده شد.
مأموریت با جزئیات کامل توضیح داده شد.

از او خواسته شده بود که به خارج از کشور سفر کنه و یک مأموریت مخفی رو انجام بده.
یه راننده هم برای بردنش فرستاده شد.

قبل از رفتن، او به یک جلسه دعوت شد.
اونجا، به عنوان رهبر عملیات نام‌گذاری شد.

به بقیه‌ی ما گفته شد که کار خودمون رو ادامه بدیم.
هیچ جزئیاتی با ما به اشتراک گذاشته نشد.

بعداً فهمیدیم که مأموریت با موفقیت انجام شده بود.